Ma jidhirlix li għandna kelma għaliha bil-Malti. Tfisser sitwazzjoni fejn il-pajjiż qed jesperjenza inflazzjoni għolja waqt li fl-istess ħin jinsab f’riċessjoni. Sal-bidu tas-sebgħinijiet aħna l-ekonomisti konna naħsbu li dawn iż-żewġ sitwazzjonijiet ma jistgħux jiġru fl-istess ħin.
Sew it-teorija li konna nimxu fuqha, dik ta’ Keynes, kif ukoll il-prattika, flimkien kienu juri li l-gvernijiet setgħu jonfħu l-ekonomija billi jkabbru d-defiċit u b’hekk jikkrejaw ix-xogħol, iżda mbagħad kellhom isofru mill-inflazzjoni li tirriżulta minn din il-politika. Minn naħa l-oħra meta l-pajjiż jidħol f’riċessjoni għall-inqas igawdi minn inflazzjoni baxxa. Kien qisu menu. Il-Ġermanja per eżempju, minħabba l-istorja tagħha kienet tippreferi tbagħti ftit qagħad basta żżomm l-inflazzjoni baxxa. L-Ingilterra għall-kuntrarju dejjem ippreferiet li tissaporti ftit inflazzjoni basta żżomm il-qagħad baxx.
Għal pajjiżna l-inflazzjoni tagħmel ħsara kbira. L-ewwelnett tweġġa’ l-but ta’ kulħadd u tfaqqru billi tnaqqaslu n-nefqa tiegħu b’dik ir-rata, per eżempju ta’ 4.2%. Sena wara sena ġġiblek fix-xejn il-flus li tkun ġemmajt b’tant tbagħtija u għaqal. Fil-fatt tippremja lil dawk li jiddejnu, inkluż il-Gvern u tippennalizza lil dawk li jfaddlu u jsellfu. Inġustizzja kbira.
L-inflazzjoni hija magħrufa bħala taxxa fuq il-konsumatur, u li biha l-Gvern iċekken ir-rata tad-dejn tiegħu, billi jneffaħ il-Prodott Gross Domestiku mingħajr ma jżid il-produzzjoni. Mhux ta’ b’xejn li l-Gvern iżomm fommu sieket dwar l-inflazzjoni.
Però mhux hekk għandu jkun il-Bank Ċentrali ta’ pajjiżna. Din l-istituzzjoni hija mwaqqfa b’għan wieħed biss. Li tgħasses u tikkontrolla l-inflazzjoni. Fi New Zealand, il-post tal-Gvernatur kien jiġi mhedded jekk ma jikkontrollax l-inflazzjoni. Fil-każ tal-Ingilterra l-Gvernatur tal-Bank Ċentrali hu obbligat li jibgħat ittra lil Gvern biex jagħti spjegazzjoni jekk ir-rata tal-inflazzjoni ta’ pajjiżu taqbeż it-2%.
F’Malta dawn l-obbligi u esiġenzi partikolari ma jeżistux, però l-obbligu legali qiegħed hemm. Hu dmiru li fis-sitwazzjoni li qegħdin fiha jrid jispjega u jammonixxi fejn hemm bżonn. Għax jekk ma jagħmilx dan minn se jagħmlu. Kulħadd jesprimi ruħu kontra l-inflazzjoni, kull stħarriġ juri li għall-maġġoranza tal-Maltin u Għawdxin l-inflazzjoni tħassibhom ferm iżjed minn kwistjonijiet oħrajn. U dwar dan silenzju! Kulħadd fil-għama. Min iwaħħal f’dik u min fl-oħra. Iżda ħadd m’għandu idea minn fejn jibda. Iż-żmien tal-pulizija tal-kontroll tal-prezzijiet ilu li għadda u l-ġenerazzjoni tal-lum ftit jiftakruha. Mhux għax kienet taħdem. Kien mod kif il-Gvern seta’ juri li qed jagħmel xi ħaġa.
Allura l-inflazzjoni jien minn fejn naħseb li hi ġejja? Bħal ma għidt, normalment wieħed jistenna li f’mument ta’ riċessjoni, żgħira kemm hi żgħira (fil-fatt għadna ma nafux) xorta twassal biex in-negozjant iraħħas ħalli jbiegħ. Veru dan. Imma f’pajjiżna għandna bħal żewġ ekonomiji mwaħħlin ma’ xulxin, biċ-ċikli tagħhom rispettivament. Għandhekk iċ-ċiklu tas-settur privat. Dan jiddependi miż-żewġ industriji kbar ta’ pajjiżna: il-manifattura, speċjalment dik għall-esportazzjoni u dik tat-turiżmu. It-tnejn jiddependu minn domanda esterna, speċjalment mill-Ewropa u minn kemm inkunu kapaċi nżommu l-prodott tagħna kompetittiv u ta’ standard għoli.
Għandna wkoll ċiklu ieħor, dak tas-settur pubbliku. Dan jobdi ċ-ċiklu politiku tal-elezzjonijiet. L-infieq tal-gvern speċjalment minn dan il-Gvern partikolari ma jinżammx kostanti.
Jġewweż u jintaxxa bla ħniena bejn elezzjoni u oħra u jonfoq u jxerred ftit xhur qabel l-elezzjoni. Dan jixħduh il-fatti u l-istatistika. B’hekk in-nefqa toħloq miljuni ta’ flus aktar mis-soltu li billi jridu jintefqu fi żmien qasir joħolqu domanda kbira li ma tistax tintlaħaq f’dak il-perjodu u b’hekk tinfexx f’inflazzjoni. Jekk il-pajjiż hux għaddej minn riċessjoni jew le hu immaterjali. Żewġ ekonomiji fl-istess sodda.
Għal ħafna jsibu din l-ispjegazzjoni diffiċli li jifhmuha. Imdorrijin li l-inflazzjoni tiġri meta oġġett partikolari jogħla fi prezzu.
Però suq ħieles dejjem se jesperjenza ċaqlieq fil-prezzijiet, ’il fuq u ’l isfel. Però inflazzjoni vera taħdem bħal pressjoni tad-demm fil-ġisem. Fl-ekonomija jrid ikun hemm fatturi kbar li jwasslu l-biċċa l-kbira tal-prezzjiiet li flimkien jagħtu mbuttaturi ’l fuq. U din il-pressjoni tippersisti jekk il-fatturi li jimbuttawha ma jiġux indirizzati.
Huwa dmir tal-awtoritajiet monetarji tal-pajjiż biex jitkellmu u ma jħallux il-poplu fl-għama u fl-injoranza. Fuq kollox qegħdin jitħallsu speċifikament għal dan l-iskop. Nistenna li l-Kunsill Malti Għall-Iżvilupp Ekonomiku u Soċjali jibgħat għal Gvernatur tal-Bank Ċentrali biex jitolbu spjegazzjoni.
U dan isir fil-preżenza tal-midja. Jekk le stennew l-unjins kollha ta’ pajjiżna jitolbu kumpens xieraq u immedjat. Dan kollu waqt li qegħdin f’riċessjoni.
Daqshekk ieħor hija kbira r-responsabbiltà ta’ min kellu jara li l-inflazzjoni ma tisplodix b’dan il-mod, fejn issuperat ir-rati l-oħrajn kollha fiż-Żona Ewro. Fejn huma dawk il-par idejn sodi?
– l-orizzont : It-Tnejn, 20 ta’ Awwissu, 2012
145 responses to “Stagflation”
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