L-ugwaljanza fil-kuntest ta’ bejn il-mara u r-raġel għandha ħafna aspetti. Kemm-il darba tkellimna dwar il-parteċipazzjoni tal-mara fil-kamp tax-xogħol, il-‘leave’ tal-maternità u aspetti oħrajn. Din id-darba ż-żewġ rapporti li għaddew mis-Sezzjoni Plenarja ta’ Strasburgu f’nofs il-ġimgħa l-oħra dwar dan is-suġġett jittrattaw direttament fuq min jieħu d-deċiżjoni l-iżjed importanti tal-pajjiż, sew fil-kamp politiku fejn jgħaddu l-liġijiet mil-Parlament, kif ukoll fis-settur privat, jiġifieri fil-boardrooms tal-ikbar kumpaniji, bħal, per eżempju, il-banek.
F’dawn l-istituzzjonijiet, l-persentaġġ ta’ nisa li jistgħu jieħdu l-ogħla deċiżjonijiet huwa baxx ħafna. Għall-inqas f’familja tradizzjonali ssib il-preżenza taż-żewġ sessi fejn id-deċiżjonijiet importanti idealment jittieħdu mill-mara u mir-raġel flimkien. F’numru kbir ta’ bordijiet madwar l-Ewropa u l-iżjed f’Malta, ma ssibx mara waħda.
Biss biss fil-Parlament Ewropew is-sitt rappreżentanti ta’ pajjiżna huma kollha rġiel. Bħalma aħna nħarsu lejn is-sitwazzjoni fl-Afganistan, fejn il-mara ma tistax tikxef wiċċha, jew inkella fis-Sawdi Arabja, fejn il-mara lanqas titħalla ssuq karozza, jien nassigurakom li fil-Parlament Ewropew meta jħarsu lejna bħala l-unika delegazzjoni magħmula kollha minn irġiel, dawn iħarsu lejna fl-istess dawl, jiġifieri li għadna pjuttost lura.
Għalfejn għandna naraw li jkun hemm iżjed nisa f’dawn il-karigi għoljin? Minbarra l-aspett dirett tal-ugwaljanza, illum nafu wkoll li jagħmel ħafna sens u hu ta’ benefiċċju ekonomiku. Studji sabu li f’organizzazzjonijiet kbar fejn in-nisa tħallew jieħdu deċiżjonijiet importanti, żdiedu il-profitti sostanzjalment u anke kien hemm tmexxija aħjar. Minbarra hekk, ikun dnub illi ma tużax it-talenti tan-nisa li llum qegħdin joħorgu mill-universitajiet f’numri akbar mill-irġiel.
Is-saqaf tal-ħġieġ
Wara li ngħata żmien biżżejjed biex jaraw jekk il-pajjiżi tal-Unjoni Ewropeja setgħux ifasslu miżuri fuq bażi volontarja mingħajr l-ebda riżultat sodisfaċenti, inħass li wasal iż-żmien li mill-paroli nimxu għal-azzjoni. Dawn iż-żewġ rapport, wieħed ta’ Sophie in’t Veld u l-ieħor ta’ Sirpa Pietikäinen jittrattaw dan iż-żewġ aspetti għax jipprovaw kemm jista’ jkun ikissru dak li msejjaħ saqaf tal-ħġieġ, il-‘Glass Ceiling’. Ħafna jgħidu li l-mara hi libera biex tilħaq fejn trid però aħna nafu li dan is-saqaf qiegħed hemm u ngħidulu tal-ħġieġ għax ma jidhirx, huwa inviżibbli, imma qiegħed hemm xorta waħda. Is-siġra tarafha mil-frotta u l-fatt illi fil-Parlament Malti, fil-Parlamenti oħrajn u fil-‘boardrooms’ il-parteċipazzjoni tal-mara hi baxxa ħafna huwa sinjal li hemm xi diskriminazzjoni u ostakoli li bilfors qegħdin iżommu lin-nisa milli jilħqu dawn l-ogħla pożizzjonijiet.
Dan huwa hekk fl-Ewropa kollha fejn, per eżempju, 24% tal-persuni fil-Parlamenti fl-Istati Membri huma nisa, jiġifieri kwart. Fil-bordijiet huwa inqas jiġifieri bejn wieħed u ieħor hemm 12% biss. F’Malta hija ħafna iktar baxxa.
Il-kwoti
Li hemm interessanti fiż-żewġ rapport huma l-miri biex jintlaħqu sas-sena 2020. Dawn ir-rapporti fil-Parlament Ewropew juru x-xewqa li tintlaħaq parteċipazzjoni qawwija tal-mara sew fil-politikia, fil-Parlamenti u anke fejn jittieħdu deċiżjonijiet kbar – fil-kumpaniji, fil-‘boardrooms’ u fl-aġenziji tal-Gvern. Nixtiequ li l-parteċipazzjoni tiżdied ferm. Il-miri huma ta’ 30% sas-sena 2015 u 40% sa 2020 li huma miri ambizzjużi ħafna. Sintendi, wieħed irid iqis li f’ċerti pajjiżi tista’ tkun iżjed diffiċli biex jaslu għal dan il-persentaġġ. Però, qegħdin ngħidu li fil-parti l-kbira tal-Ewropa għandna nersqu lejn dik il-mira. Il-mod propost huwa wkoll kontroversjali – l-kwoti.
Dawn ir-rapporti qed jgħidu li f’pajjiżi li baqgħu lura fil-parteċipazzjoni tal-mara fid-deċiżjonijiet importanti, bħalma huma Spanja, il-Belġju, is-Slovenja, il-Portugall, il-Polonja u Franza, u għamlu l-kwoti elettorali, dawn irnexxew. Nafu li hawn ħafna li huma kontra l-kwoti. Mhux irġiel biss, anke nisa li irnexxew u jgħidulek li l-kwoti għalihom huwa nsult għax jgħidu li waslu mhux għax nisa u xi ħadd imbuttahom. Il-verità hi li dawn in-nisa li kellhom suċċess u rnexxilhom jaslu f’pożizzjonijiet għoljin forsi ma sabux l-ostakli, imma żgur li nisa oħrajn ikollhom ostakli diversi u ma jistgħux jaslu fejn waslu huma. Allura dawn il-kwoti għall-inqas għal żmien definit u temporanju, iwassalu biex ikun hemm ir-rappreżentanza tan-nisa ħalli tindara u mbagħad tkun iżjed faċli biex il-mara tiġi aċċettata aktar malajr f’dawn il-pożizzjonijiet għoljin li s’issa, kienu dejjem okkupati mill-irġiel. Aħna nixtiequ dan ukoll f’pajjiżna fil-Parlament Malti, fil-Parlament Ewropew b’rappreżentanza Maltija, fis-setturi pubbliċi u anke f’kumpaniji kbar privati. Hawn m’aħniex nitkellmu dwar kumpaniji żgħar, qed nitkellmu dwar kumpaniji kbar ta’ ċerta importanza fejn il-kwoti bħala miri jridu jintlaħqu biex eventwalment ikun hemm bilanċ aħjar bejn iż-żewġ sessi.
L-inqas rati baxxi huma f’Malta
Fil-każ ta’ Malta s’intendi wieħed jiddispjaċih jgħid li qegħdin fl-aħħar fi kwalunkwe statistika. Il-parteċipazzjoni tal-mara fil-kamp tax-xogħol, fid-differenzi kbar li hemm fis-salarji bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel li jeżistu fl-Ewropa iżda li jeżistu ħafna ikbar f’pajjiżna. Il-perċentaġġ ta’ nisa fil-Parlament Malti li huwa l-iżjed baxx ta’ inqas minn 9%. Anke fil-kumpaniji li huwa l-iżjed baxx fl-Ewropa ta’ 3% biss komparat ma’ 14% fl-Ewropa. Jiġifieri aħna għandna triq iebsa ħafna biex naslu għal dawn il-miri. Zgur illi Malta għandha ħafna x’taħdem u twettaq u allura jiena naħseb illi l-kwoti huma idea tajba biex għal inqas inkunu bdejna t-triq. S’intendi, mal-kwoti jrid ikun hemm appoġġ. Il-kwoti weħidhom ma jaħdmux. Irid ikun hemm għajnuniet lill-mara li waqt li tkun qiegħda tikkontribwixxi għas-soċjetà jkun hemm l-għajnuniet sew fid-dar kif ukoll fl-istrutturi tax-xogħol. Tajjeb insemmi li bħal fil-każ tal-‘leave’ tal-maternità, wieħed irid joqgħod attent li jeskludi kumpaniji żgħar ħafna għax din il-proposta mhijiex intenzjonat għalihom. Hu fl-istituzzjonijiet il-kbar fejn jittieħdu deċiżjonijiet pjuttost importanti li Malta għandha tagħmel l-għalmu tagħha biex ma tibqax l-aħħar. Għall-inqas tkun x’imkien fin-nofs u nisperaw li ’l quddiem tkun ferm aħjar milli hi llum.
L-Orizzont, It-Tnejn, 19 ta’ Marzu, 2012
129 responses to “L-ugwaljanza fid-deċiżjonijiet”
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