Għala l-Milied ifakkarna fil-faqar?


Il-Milied hi festa li ġġib sentimenti kontrastanti ħafna. Tant il-bniedem jassoċja l-Milied ta’ tfulitu ma’ rigali, tiżjin, parties, ikel, u ferħ fil-familja, daqstant ieħor meta jikber dawn il-memorji jistgħu iweġgħu meta fil-familja tkun qed iġġarrab l-mard, in-nuqqas ta’ membri għeżież tal-familja – xi omm, xi missier jew anke xi iben jew bint.
Illum hemm weġgħa oħra. Il-Milied tant sar kummerċjali u jiswa’ l-flus li għal ħafna nies, fqar u mhumiex, ser iħossuhom neqsin u li ma jlaħħqux ma’ dak li qed jiġi rriklamat u mħajjrin jixtru. Ser jibqgħu mdejjqin li lanqas festa ma jistgħu igawdu bħalma jistghu jagħmlu ħbiebhom. Iħossuhom imbarazzati.
U għalhekk jissemma l-faqar fi żmien il-Milied.
Ħafna jistaqsu. Imma l-ġlieda kontra l-faqar m’hemmx li tintrebaħ xi darba? Għaliex għandu l-faqar jibqa’ jerfa’ rasu llum f’dinja moderna u ġeneralment sinjura.
Il-kawżi prinċipali li jġibu l-faqar huma l-qagħad, ix-xogħol prekarju, l-irtirar mix-xogħol, il-problemi soċjali bħalma huwa s-single parenthood, s-separazzjonijiet, l-mard, d-diżabbilita’, u l-mewt fil-familja ta’ persuni jaħdmu. Dawn is-sitwazzjonijiet jikkontribwixxu biex iwaqqgħu id-dħul ta’ dik il-familja jew persuna partikulari li allura taqa’ fil-faqar. Sakemm in-natura u s-soċjeta’ tibqa’ tipproduċihom il-kawżi tal-faqar jibqgħu.

Kif u fejn tinegħleb il-problema

F’ċertu pajjiżi donnhom b’xi mod il-problemi tal-faqar dejjem jingħelbu u f’pajjiżi oħrajn jikbru.
Nieħdu eżempju. Fenomini naturali bħalma huma terremoti, jew għargħar, jew nixfa f’pajjiż jagħmlu tant effetti koroh u jmutu ħafna nies meta jiġru f’pajjiżi sotto żviluppati bħalma huma dawk fl-Afrika. Minn naħa l-oħra f’pajjiżi bħalma huma dawk fl-Amerika ta’ Fuq, jew fl-Ewropa jew fil-Ġappun imutu xorta n-nies imma għandhom ir-riżorsi biex jirkupraw fi żmien qasir u jispiċċaw imutu ferm anqas.
Issa niġu għall-Ewropa nnifisha u nerġu nsaqsu għaliex f’dak il-pajjiż Ewropew żdied il-faqar filwaqt fil-pajjiż l-ieħor naqas? Mela hemmhekk m’hemmx mard? Mela hemmhekk m’hemmx qagħad? Mela hemmhekk ma jirtirawx in-nies jew mela hemm hekk ma hemmx problemi soċjali oħra? Ir-risposta hi li sta għall-gvern li jpatti u jwitti l-ġid u d-dħul tal-pajjiż permezz tat-taxxi u l-benefiċċji soċjali u għajnuniet oħra. Jekk il-ġlieda tal-gvern kontra dawn il-kawżi li huma kważi kollha l-istess f’ħafna pajjiżi u l-ġlieda tibda tintilef allura l-faqar jibda jgħolli rasu. Minn naħa l-oħra jekk il-gvern ikun kapaċi u li jara li min jista’ jħallas it-taxxi biex minnhom jibbenefika min ma jistax, bħal min hu marid, min hu qiegħed u għal raġunijiet soċjali oħra allura l-ġlieda kontra l-faqar tintrebaħ u b’hekk jonqos il-faqar. Fil-fatt hemm ċerti pajjiżi nordiċi illi l-problemi tal-faqar għelbuhom ħafna iktar mill-pajjiżi l-oħra tal-Ewropa.

Il-faqar assolut u l-faqar relattiv

F’pajjiżi żviluppati bħal Malta u pajjiżi oħra fl-Unjoni Ewropea il-faqar assolut nixtiequ li ma narawhx. Mhuwiex assulutament aċċettabli li jitħalla li jkun hemm faqar assolut. Il-faqar assolut ifisser li persuna ma jkollhiex dawk l-affarijiet bażiċi essenzjali bħalma huwa l-ikel ta’ kuljum fuq il-mejda, illi tibgħat it-tfal l-iskola u tlibbishom sew u li jkollok dawk l-affarijiet bażiċi kuljum u li bihom tgħix diċenti għalkemm mhux daqstant tajjeb. Meta ħareġ ir-rapport tal-Caritas u daru l-familji sabu li kien hemm familji li b’mod assolut ma laħqux lanqas dak il-minimu.
Issa din hemm min jgħidilha living income u hemm min jgħidilha living wage. Dan huwa benchmark jiġifieri li inti trid tilħqu biex tgħix diċenti. Il-kelma diċenti, fl-Afrika għandha minimu u f’Malta għandha ieħor u l-Isvezja għandha ieħor pero kull soċjeta bejn wieħed u ieħor tgħidlek li b’mod assolut familja biex tgħix diċenti irid ikollha ċertu affarijiet. Ezempju ieħor hu li wieħed għandu jkollu l-mezzi biex imur post ieħor permezz tal-karozza tal-linja. Anke li jekk wieħed ikollu uġiegħ ta’ ras għandu jkollu l-mezzi li jixtri dik il-mediċina. Xi ħaġa bażika oħra huwa l-fatt li bniedem għandu jkollu l-mezzi neċessarji biex ikun jista jsaħħan imqar kamra waħda fid-dar tiegħu fix-xhur kesħin tax-xitwa. Min ma għandux dawk il-mezzi nistgħu ngħidu li qed jgħix fil-faqar assolut.
Hemm imbagħad il-faqar relattiv. Kull pajjiż għandu d-dħul medju ta’ familja li jgħixu f’dak il-pajjiż. Wieħed irid jara kemm hu ‘l bogħod minnu dan il-medju fis-sens li qiegħed taħtu. Anke meta l-pajjiż hu sinjur u l-medja tad-dħul hija għolja, iktar ma’ wieħed ikun ‘l bogħod minn taħt dan id-dħul medju xorta jista’ jaqa’ fil-faqar relattiv. Dik il-familja ma tkunx nieqsa bilfors minn dawk l-affarijiet li indikajt qabel. Iżda xorta waħda, iktar mal-pajjiż huwa sinjur jekk tkun taħt il-medja xorta se tħossok bin-nuqqas u għalhekk tħoss ċerta tbatija.
Ħemm differenza jekk tifel għandux għaxja ta’ lejla u altru tifel li sħabu kollha jixtru affarijiet tad-ditta rinomata bħalma huma żraben tal-isport u hu ma jkunx jista’ jgħamel dan. Dan tal-aħħar hu biss faqar relattiv. Għalhekk ngħidu li hemm faqar u faqar. Il-punt jibqa’ li b’mod assolut jew b’mod relattiv il-faqar jibqa’ faqar u jweġġa u jweġġa sew.

Nixtieq lill-qarrejja kollha u l-familji tagħhom Milied ħieni.

 

– l-orizzont: It-Tnejn, 24 ta’ Dicembru, 2012

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